发布时间为 2023 年 3 月 2 日星期四
作者：宫下麻子。
我在日本长大，在那里我从小就被教导要将食物视为药物。 我的祖母今年 92 岁，她也将自己的长寿归功于吃对了食物。
日本是世界上一些寿命最长的人的故乡：现在有90,526 名百岁老人，即 100 岁及以上的人。 根据厚生劳动省 2022 年的一份报告，这是二十年前的五倍多。
日本偏远的小岛冲绳岛被选为世界上百岁老人最集中的地方。
作为一名遵循传统日本饮食的营养师，这里有五种我和我的家人每天吃的食物，以保持健康和长寿：
1. 日本红薯。
这些紫甘薯（日语称为“imo”）来自冲绳，通常作为零食或甜点食用。
它们富含健康的碳水化合物和花青素，这是一组存在于红色和紫色蔬菜中的抗氧化剂，具有抗衰老特性。
研究还表明，它们可以帮助改善血糖水平并降低患心血管疾病的风险。
2.味噌汤（酱汤）。
日本人的饮食中包含各种含有发酵食品的菜肴，味噌汤是其中一种很受欢迎的。 味噌是由发酵的大豆和谷物制成的糊状物（黄酱）。
发酵食品中的益生菌、活细菌或酵母可以帮助平衡我们的肠道健康并增强免疫系统。
一项研究发现，与很少食用这些食物的人相比，食用最多发酵大豆（如味噌、豆腐和豆豉）的男性和女性因各种原因早逝的几率要低 10%。
3.白萝卜。
根茎类蔬菜在日本烹饪中很受欢迎，并提供许多独特的健康益处。
众所周知，萝卜有助于预防感冒和增强免疫系统。 一个萝卜含有每日推荐摄入量的 124% 的维生素 C。
其他健康的根茎类蔬菜（在美国杂货店可能更容易找到）包括胡萝卜、甜菜、防风草和萝卜。
4.海带。
海藻富含铁、钙、叶酸和镁等重要矿物质。
每天吃它有助于在我的饮食中添加纤维。 摄入足够的纤维与降低患心脏病、中风、高血压和 2 型糖尿病的风险有关。
海藻还含有岩藻黄质和岩藻依聚糖等抗氧化剂，它们都具有抗炎、抗衰老和抗癌的特性。
5.鱼。
我总是在日常饮食中加入一些蛋白质，尤其是鲑鱼和金枪鱼等富含脂肪的鱼类。 鱼中的 omega-3 脂肪有助于降低血压、降低甘油三酯和缓解炎症。
在日本，我们经常在饭前说“itadakimasu”，意思是“我谦卑地接受”，以表达我们对动物和农民的感激之情。我相信这种正念饮食的做法有助于我们的健康和生活质量。
Asako Miyashita，MS，RDN，CDN，是一名注册营养师，在长寿研究方面拥有 20 年的经验。 他在日本东京出生长大，在工作中运用西方和东方的视角来帮助改善客户的健康。 他曾在包括美国日本医学会在内的多所大学和组织担任客座讲师。 在 Instagram 上关注他@miasako。
顾震帝整理，2023年，3月，3日。
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Your coffee habit could be linked to healthier aging, study finds
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“Women who drank one to three cups of caffeinated coffee per day in their 50s were more likely to reach older age free from major chronic diseases and with good cognitive, physical, and mental health,” said lead study author Dr. Sarah Mahdavi, adjunct professor in the faculty of medicine and department of nutritional sciences at the University of Toronto.
Researchers analyzed dietary data from more than 47,000 women who were part of the Nurses’ Health Study, according to the research released Monday at the annual meeting of the American Society for Nutrition in Orlando. The study was presented as an abstract, but a more in-depth manuscript of the investigation will be submitted for peer review in the coming months, Mahdavi said.
“In this study, we found that moderate caffeinated coffee consumption during midlife was associated with a higher likelihood of healthy aging 30 years later,” Mahdavi said.
It’s not just any caffeinated drink
The effects were found in caffeinated coffee in particular, according to the research. The same link was not found for tea or decaffeinated coffee — and drinking more cola or other caffeinated sodas was tied to a lower chance of healthy aging.
“This would imply that coffee in particular has health preserving or promoting effects,” said Dr. David Kao, Jacqueline Marie Schauble Leaffer Endowed Chair in Women’s Heart Disease and associate professor of medicine at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical School in an email. “As with other studies, they also appear to have found that coffee has a particular benefit over other caffeinated drinks.”
That said, the research is high quality, added Kao, who was not involved in the research.
The study is also observational, meaning it is limited in its ability to examine direct cause and effect. The new research can only show that a behavior and an outcome are more likely to occur together.
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